Lumbar spinal surgery is a specialized medical procedure designed to alleviate persistent lower back pain and associated neurological symptoms caused by structural issues in the spine. Commonly addressed conditions include herniated discs, spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal), degenerative disc disease, and spondylolisthesis (vertebral slippage). This intervention is typically recommended after conservative treatments—such as physical therapy, medications, or epidural steroid...